The metallurgical history of China

2018-07-11

Metallurgical industry refers to the industrial departments of exploration, mining, selection, smelting and rolling of metal minerals, including two major categories, black metallurgical industry and non-ferrous metallurgical industry. It is an important raw material industry department, providing metal materials for various departments of national economy, and also the material basis of economic development.

Over the past 50 years since the founding of new China, the iron and steel industry has developed rapidly. While developing the steel industry in Dalian, Tianjin, Shanghai and other coastal cities, a batch of large steel and iron alloys, refractory materials and other auxiliary materials have been built in the mainland of Baotou, Taiyuan, Wuhan, Chongqing, Panzhihua and other places. With the development of black metallurgical industry, China's non-ferrous metal smelting and processing industry has developed rapidly. A number of large alumina plants, electrolytic aluminum plants and aluminum processing plants have been built in Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Henan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Gansu and other places. In Hunan, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Guangxi and other places, the establishment of large-scale non-ferrous metal production base.

In 2007, the industrial added value of the non-ferrous metals industry (calculated by comparable prices) was 18.7% higher than that in 2006, and the increase was 0.2 percentage points higher than the increase in the industrial value of the enterprises above the scale of the country.

In 2007, China's steel industry has made remarkable achievements in its rapid growth, structural optimization, efficiency improvement, energy saving and international iron and steel industry. The production of crude steel was 489 million 240 thousand and 800 tons, an increase of 66 million 252 thousand and 200 tons over the previous year, an increase of 15.66%, 469 million 446 thousand and 300 tons of raw iron production, an increase of 6189.22 over the previous year, and a rapid growth trend. In the first quarter of 2008, China's steel exports decreased by 19.3% compared with the same period last year, but the export volume increased by 7.6% over the same period last year.

The technological level of China's metallurgical industry is strengthening, and the voice of "big and weak" has fallen. China should improve the level of science and technology in metallurgical industry. Safety problems in metallurgical industry should be highly valued. Comprehensive measures should be adopted to solve safety problems. Improving the standards of China's metallurgical industry is, in a sense, a solution to the construction of a safety standard system to ensure the healthy development of the industry.

In the future, China's non-ferrous metals industry should make full use of two kinds of non-ferrous metal recycling resources at home and abroad. On the basis of a substantial increase in renewable resources recycling, the recycling of copper, aluminum, lead and zinc can reach 6 million 500 thousand tons. In 2020, 12 million tons of recycled metals have been utilized, accounting for 40% of the total. The ability to use the ring was significantly enhanced.

In the next 3 years, China's iron and steel industry will have the best opportunity for development under the pull of domestic demand; the actual demand growth of China's steel will maintain an average annual growth rate of 7.57%. Central and southern China is expected to become the most potential region for China's steel products in the future. WISCO and Angang are the most benefited from the growth of downstream industry demand. The future will change, and the proportion of the demand for the construction industry and the resource and energy industry will decline, and the proportion of industries such as machinery, light industry and automobile will rise.